Research and application of fracture identification method based on diffraction information extraction technology
XIAO Xi1, ZHOU Peng1, ZHANG Yiming1, HUO Shoudong2, WANG Zhihong1, CHEN Jianhua3
1. China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100028, China; 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 3. China National Offshore Oil Corporation International Limited, Beijing 100028, China
Abstract：Block A in Ordos Basin features complex surface conditions, strong heterogeneity and small thickness of tight gas reservoirs, great difference in the tested gas yield of different wells, and oil and gas enrichment influenced by faults and fractures which can adjust gas reservoir distribution later. Regarding its seismic characteristics, the resolution of seismic data is low, and conventional post-stack data is difficult to meet the needs of fault and fracture system identification in thin re-servoirs. In view of the above, the seismic data is first processed by compressed sensing based on L0-norm constrained sparse inversion to improve the data resolution, which creates good data conditions for subsequent fracture system identification in thin reservoirs. On this basis, the diffraction information extraction based on the median filtering technology is explored and then applied in the seismic data subjected to preserved-amplitude migration to provide clear fault point and fault information. Finally, according to the spatial discontinuity of diffraction amplitude and phase in seismic data, the distributions of faults and fractures are characterized by ant tracking technology. The results show that the data resolution after processing is improved significantly, with the fault points being clear, which makes fault identification easier. Compared with conventional post-stack attributes, fracture identification based on diffraction information extraction is effective for even smaller-scale fractures. The results of fracture identification based on the diffraction information extraction are compared with the interpretation results of gas la-yers in the drilled wells and productivity data, and the productivity is found higher when fractures and gas layers coexist. This finding can provide an important basis for well location deployment.
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