Viscoacoustic reverse time migration of prismatic wave for steeply dipped structures
QU Yingming1,2,3, WEI Zhefeng1,2,4, LIU Chang3, LI Zhenchun3, XU Kai4, LI Runze5
1. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China; 2. SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Theory and Survey Technology for Seismic Elastic Waves, Beijing 100083, China; 3. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China; 4. SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Production, Beijing 100083, China; 5. PetroChina Beijing Oil & Gas Pipeline Control Center, Beijing 100007, China
Abstract:Prismatic waves carry more information about steeply dipped structures which primaries can not reflect. Therefore,prismatic waves are separately used in some migration methods to improve the illumination and imaging effect of steeply dipped structures. However,attenuation leads to amplitude loss and phase distortion of seismic waves,which seriously affects the accurate imaging of prismatic waves. A viscoacoustic RTM (reverse time migration) of prismatic waves is proposed for imaging steeply dipped structures. First a Q-compensated forward-propagating operator and a back-propagating adjoint operator are derived,and then Q attenuation is compensated along the propagating path of prismatic waves. Application on two typical steeply dipped structural models has proved that:①viscoacoustic RTM of prismatic wave can produce better images of steeply dipped structures with higher signal-to-noise ratio,higher resolution and more balanced amplitude than conventional viscoacoustic RTM and acoustic RTM of prismactic wave,but losses some resolution of less dipped structures,therefore underground structures should be interpreted on viscoacoustic RTM and acoustic RTM of prismatic wave;②the time used for viscoacoustic RTM of prismatic wave is about 2 times that of viscoacoustic RTM,so the former needs a larger memory to save wavefields because it cannot reconstruct multiple wavefields at the same time.
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