考虑倾斜地层地震偏移的空间采样参数设计

doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2020.05.005

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摘要地震数据采集中空间采样间隔是地震数据采集和处理的重要参数。常用的空间采样间隔计算公式只考虑反射波无假频采样，或只对偏移孔径内的绕射波无假频采样，未考虑倾斜地层偏移成像空间采样的要求。为此，从地震偏移成像的实质和倾斜地层绕射波场的分布特征出发，通过建立倾斜地层反射波时距方程，根据地震波同相叠加原理推导出满足倾斜地层偏移成像的空间采样间隔计算公式，并且分析了不同地层倾角面向地震成像的空间采样间隔计算公式，为地震数据采集设计和偏移成像提供了可靠的空间采样参数选择依据。

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	蔡锡伟
	何宝庆
	张阳
	王延
	唐东磊

关键词 ：空间采样, 倾斜地层, 绕射波场, 反射波时距方程, 同相叠加

Abstract：The size of spatial sample is an important parameter for seismic data acquisition and processing.At present，the formula for calculating spatial sampling sizes only considers the aliasing-free samplesof reflected wave，or diffracted wave in the migration aperture，but it is not suitable for the imaging requirements of dip formations.In this paper,the time-distance equation of reflected wave is established based on the essence of seismic migration imaging and the distribution characteristics of diffracted wave field，then the spatial sampling formula for migration imaging of dip formations is derived based on the principle of seismic wave in-phase superposition,and finally,the spatial sampling of seismic imaging with different dips and different frequencies is analyzed.The result provides a reliable basis of spatial sampling selection for seismic data acquisition design and migration imaging.

Key words： spatial sampling dip formation diffracted wave field time-distance equation of reflection wave in-phase stacking

收稿日期: 2019-11-22

PACS:

P631

基金资助:本项研究受中国石油集团东方地球物理公司科研项目“地震资料采集关键基础理论及参数研究”（06-02-2019）资助。

通讯作者: 张阳,河北省涿州市华阳东路东方地球物理公司科技园采集技术中心,072751。Email:137522076@qq.com E-mail: 137522076@qq.com

作者简介: 蔡锡伟,高级工程师,1969年生;1992年毕业于石油大学勘查地球物理专业,获学士学位;2009年获中国石油大学(北京)地质工程专业硕士学位;现就职于中国石油集团东方地球物理公司,主要从事地震数据采集技术研究。

引用本文:

蔡锡伟, 何宝庆, 张阳, 王延, 唐东磊. 考虑倾斜地层地震偏移的空间采样参数设计[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2020, 55(5): 973-978. CAI Xiwei, HE Baoqing, ZHANG Yang, WANG Yan, TANG Donglei. Selecting spatial samples based on seismic migration of dip formation. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2020, 55(5): 973-978.

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