Deepened application of horizon-flattening technique in seismic interpretation
GUO Wen1, LIU Yongtao2,3,4, ZHAO Junfeng2,3, WANG Xiuzhen4, ZHAO Hongge2,3, DING Fufeng5
1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, CNPC, Beijing 100083, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; 3. Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; 4. Changqing Branch of Geophysical Research Institute, BGP, CNPC, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China; 5. Exploration Department of PetroChina Chang-qing Oilfield Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China
Abstract：From the perspective of seismic interpretation,horizon-flattening is a paleo-surface reconstruction technique.Due to the limitation of the horizon-flatten technique,it is impossible to recover the thickness of inclined strata,the thickness of compacted strata and the horizontal expansion of the strata.According to the principle of the horizon-flattening technique,first it was compared with other recovery techniques,and then by adding geological constraints or improving the original techniques,the impact of recovering error on results was minimized to let it be better applied for seismic interpretation.The following conclusions have been drawn: ① If the angle between the top and bottom boundaries of a wedge sequence is less than 15ånd the thickness of the interval is less than 1000m,thin reservoirs can be approximately predicted with horizontal slices instead of stratal slices; ② When the compaction constrast above and under an unconformity is relatively small,the thickness of the denuded layer can be recovered by horizon-flattening,and then restored to the paleo-geomorphology by the modified residual thickness method; ③In a hydrocarbon generation area with increased temperature,no compaction correction is needed to restore the paleo-structure in the main accumulation stage,therefore,while improving the recovery accuracy,it also enhances the hydrocarbon geological significance of the paleo-structure; ④In a regions with less intense tectonic deformation,the tectonic evolution can be analyzed through seismic horizon-flattening instead of balanced cross-section.These conclusions can further promote the application of seismic horizon-flattening technique in oil and gas exploration.
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