Abstract：Ocean Bottom Nodes (OBN) has shown great advantages in marine seismic exploration. In actual operations，due to the influence of sea waves，ocean currents，tides and other factors，the actual sinking position of OBN often deviates from the preset position，which affects the later data processing. Therefore，it is necessary to obtain the true position of OBN through secondary positioning. In the shoal area，the number of first breaks of direct wave is small，the azimuth distribution is uneven，and it is difficult to accurately pick up the first break due to the interference of gun，so it is impossible to use the first break of direct wave to realize positioning. In this paper，a joint positioning method of direct wave and refraction wave is realized by introducing the first arrival of wide azimuth refraction wave with more abundant information. On this basis，an objective function including first breaks of direct wave and first breaks of refraction wave based on dynamic penalty weighting function is proposed，which is solved iteratively by simulated annealing method to obtain more accurate secondary positioning results. The method overcomes the problem caused by low pickup accuracy when using direct wave only，and improves the secondary positioning accuracy. Through the model data test，the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified，and the stability and reliability of the method are tested when there is error in first break picking. Finally，the method is applied to the actual data of OBN in a sea area，and a good positioning effect is obtained， which verifies the practicability of the proposed method.
马力, 李庆春, 马见青. 基于动态惩罚加权的浅水OBN直达波与折射波初至联合二次定位方法[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2023, 58(1): 75-82,177.
MA Li, LI Qingchun, MA Jianqing. OBN secondary positioning method jointly by first breaks of direct and refracted waves in shallow water based on dynamic penalty weighting. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2023, 58(1): 75-82,177.
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