Research progress on fracture network simulation in shale reservoirs
LI Yalong1,2,3, LIU Xiangui2,3, HU Zhiming2,3, DUAN Xianggang2,3, CHANG Jin2,3, and ZHOU Guangzhao2,3
1. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2. Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Langfang, Hebei 065007, China;
3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Langfang, Hebei 065007, China
Abstract：The shale reservoir fracture network charac-terization is one of the most important issues of shale gas exploitation at the present stage.On the basis of the main controlling factors of fracture network expansion,it is an important link to select reasonable and advantageous experimental(test) and simulation methods to effectively promote shale exploitation.Through the investigation of a large number of field tests,laboratory experiments and numerical simulations,and research results of shale fracture network,the development and status quo of various numerical simulation methods are analyzed,the development direction of numerical simulation is predicted,and main controlling factors and influencing mechanism of fracture network are systematically summarized.Based on the above research,the following observations are obtained:A.Three numerical models of fracture network in shale reservoirs embody advantages and sustainable development:extended finite element model based on finite element model,unconventional fracture network model based on discrete fracture network model,and fractal fracture network model based on fractal theory; B.The fracture propagation in real strata is mainly controlled by fracture pressure,rock brittleness,in-situ stress,bedding,and natural fractures.Shale reservoir rocks are characterized by strong brittleness,well-developed bedding,and widely-distributed natural fractures,which greatly increases the complexity of fracture networks.On the whole,the fracture propagation is a result of the combined action of the above factors; C.At present,simulation methods of complex fracture network are based on different methods such as boundary element method,finite element method,discrete element method,and analytical method.Each method is suitable for a specific situation,so numerical methods for different situations are needed.
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