Time-frequency characteristics analysis of orderly thickness-graded thin inter-beds based on affine smoothed pseudo-Wigner distribution
LI Xueying1,2, TIAN Yajun1,3, CHENG Yun1,2, NIE Weidong1,2
1. College of Earth Science, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163318, China; 2. Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Forming Mechanism and Resource Evaluation, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163318, China; 3. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
Abstract：The orderly thickness-graded thin inter-bed is typical one in many thin inter-bed types.Thus an accurate description of its time-frequency characteristics is of great significance for its identification.We first establish a geological model of orderly thickness-graded thin inter-beds with different total thicknesses,different numbers of inter-beds,and different thickness variation.Then we obtain synthetic data with the wave equation forward modeling,and the time-frequency spectrum with the affine smoothed pseudo-Wigner distribution.On this basis,we analyze characteristics and variation regulations of time-domain waveform,time-frequency spectrum,and instantaneous frequency spectrum of different thin inter-beds.According to our research,for typical orderly thickness-graded thin inter-beds,the frequency of thin beds increases while the spectrum of thin beds is wide;and the frequency of thick beds decreases while the spectrum of thick beds is narrow.And the time frequency variation regulation of thin bed is its main controlling mechanism.Besides,time-frequency characteristics are different with thickness changes:when a single-bed thickness is less than 1/8 wavelength,the peak frequency decreases and the spectrum becomes narrower with its thickness decrease;when a single-bed thickness is greater than 1/2 wavelength,the first band is compressed and the bandwidth is broadened with its thickness increase.In addition,for a single-bed thickness between the above two,it has similar spectral characteristics as the single thin bed.Thus,single-bed thickness interval,numbers of inter-beds and thickness variation are their main controlling factors.In this paper,we propose also the concept of transitional-graded thin inter-beds and equivalent thin beds,so we can analyze thin beds,equivalent thin inter-beds,and orderly thickness-graded thin inter-beds under a unified characteristic frame.
Taner M T.Attributes revisited.http://www.rocksolidimages.com/pdf/attrib_revisited.htm[DB/OL],2000.
[2]
Coléou T,Poupon M and Azbel K.Unsupervised seismic facies classification:A review and comparison of techniques and implementation[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(10):942-953.
[3]
Partyka G,Gridley J and Lopez J.Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir cha-racterization[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353-360.
[4]
Portniaguine O and Castagna J P.Inverse spectral decomposition[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2004,23:1786-1789.
[5]
Puryear C I and Castagna J P.Layer-thickness determination and stratigraphic interpretation using spectral inversion:Theory and application[J].Geophy-sics,2008,73(2):R37-R48.
[6]
Matos M C and Marfurt K J.Inverse continuous wavelet transform "deconvolution"[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2011,30:1861-1865.
[7]
Smith M,Perry G,Stein J,et al.Extending seismic bandwidth using the continuous wavelet transform[J].First Break,2008,26(6):97-102.
[8]
Zeng H L.Frequency-dependent seismic-stratigraphic and facies interpretation[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(2):201-221.
[9]
Chung H and Lawton D C.Frequency characteristics of seismic reflections from thin beds[J].Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysicists,1995,31(1):32-37.
[10]
范明霏,吴胜和,曲晶晶,等.基于广义S变换模极大值的薄储层刻画新方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(4):805-814.FAN Mingfei,WU Shenghe,QU Jingjing,et al.A new interpretation method for thin beds with the maximum modulus based on the generalized S transform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(4):805-814.
[11]
王鹏,胡向阳,魏水建.基于改进的相位目标函数估算薄层厚度[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(1):178-185.WANG Peng,HU Xiangyang,WEI Shuijian.Thin bed thinckness estimation based on improved phase objective function[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(1):178-185.
[12]
Widess M B.How thin is a thin bed?[J].Geophysics,1973,38(6):1176-1180.
[13]
Kallweitt R S,Wood L C.The limits of resolution of zero-phase wavelets[J].Geophysics,1982,47(7):1035-1046.
[14]
赵晨光.薄互层地震反射波的特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(1):32-46.ZHAO Chen'guang.The analysis of seismic reflection from thin interbedding[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1986,21(1):32-46.
[15]
苏盛甫.薄储集层的反射特征和定量解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(4):387-402.SU Shengfu.Thin-reservoir reflection and the quantitative interpretation method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,23(4):387-402.
[16]
Knapp R W.Vertical resolution of thick beds,thin beds,and thin-bed cyclothems[J].Geophysics,1990,55(9):1183-1190.
[17]
张玉芬,熊维纲.石油地震勘探中薄互层的反射系数序列振幅谱特征分析[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1994,19(5):685-693.ZHANG Yufen,XIONG Weigang.Characteristic analysis of amplitude spectra of reflection coefficient of thin interbedding in oil prospecting[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,1994,19(5):685-693.
[18]
孙鲁平,郑晓东,首皓,等.薄层地震峰值频率与厚度关系研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):254-259.SUN Luping,ZHENG Xiaodong,SHOU Hao,et al.The study of relation between thin-layer thickness and peak frequency[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(2):254-259.
[19]
李雪英,陈树民,王建民,等.薄层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(10):3410-3419.LI Xueying,CHEN Shumin,WANG Jianmin,et al.Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency cha-racteristics of thin layers[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(10):3410-3419.
[20]
李雪英,文慧俭,陈树民,等.等厚薄互层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(3):1033-1042.LI Xueying,WEN Huijian,CHEN Shumin,et al.Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency characteristics of isopachous thin interbeding[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(3):1033-1042.
[21]
刘力辉,李建海,孙莹频,等.时频属性法薄互层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(6):1261-1268.LIU Lihui,LI Jianhai,SUN Yingpin,et al.Thin interbed prediction with time and frequency attributes[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(6):1261-1268.
[22]
杨昊,郑晓东,李劲松,等.基于匹配追踪的薄层自动解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(3):429-435.YANG Hao,ZHENG Xiaodong,LI Jingsong,et al.Thin-bed automatic interpretation based on matching pursuit[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(3):429-435.
[23]
刘传虎,刘福贵,李卫忠.时频分析方法及在储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):11-20.LIU Chuanhu,LIU Fugui,LI Weizhong.Time frequency analysis method and its application in reservoir predicting[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(S1):11-20.
[24]
刘传虎,王学忠.构造-层序分析模型地震响应特征与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(6):938-943.LIU Chuanhu,WANG Xuezhong.Seismic responses of structure-sequence models and their applications in hydrocarbon exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(6):938-943.
[25]
崔凤林,管叶君.时频分析-薄互层结构研究的新途径[J].石油物探,1992,31(2):1-15.CUI Fenglin,GUAN Yejun.Time-frequency analysis:A new way for thin interbeds examination[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1992,31(2):1-15.
[26]
张玉芬,熊维纲,杜聿麟.时频分析方法在薄储集层横向预测中的应用[J].地质科技情报,1995,14(1):83-88.ZHANG Yufen,XIONG Weigang,DU Yulin.Application of time frequency analysis method to thin re-servoir lateral prediction[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,1995,14(1):83-88.
[27]
雷克辉,朱广生,毛宁波,等.在小波时频域中研究沉积旋回[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):72-78.LEI Kehui,ZHU Guangsheng,MAO Ningbo,et al.Study of sedimentary cycles in time-frequency domain of wavelet[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(S1):72-78.
[28]
魏学强,李辉峰,杨超.基于广义S变换的沉积旋回分析方法研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(4):35-40.WEI Xueqiang,LI Huifeng,YANG Chao.Study of sedimentary cycle analysis method based on genera-lized S transform[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2013,28(4):35-40.
[29]
崔永谦,刘延利,王孟华,等.利用地震资料Hilbert-Huang变换划分沉积旋回[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(5):983-989,1001.CUI Yongqian,LIU Yanli,WANG Menghua,et al.Sedimentary cycle demarcation based on seismic Hilbert-Huang transformation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(5):983-989,1001.
[30]
Cohen L.Time-frequency distribution:A review[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1989,77(7):941-981.
[31]
司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.局部放电脉冲的仿射类时频分布特性研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(10):2168-2173.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,YUAN Peng,et al.Study on characteristic of affine class time-frequency distribution for partial discharge pulse signal[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2008,29(10):2168-2173.
[32]
Hlawatsch F,Manickam T G,Urbanke R,et al.Smoothed pseudo-winger distribution,Choi-Williams distribution,and Cone-kernel representation:ambiguity domain analysis and experimental comparison[J].Signal Processing,2005,43(2):149-168.
