Abstract：An accurate seismic velocity model is important for accurate seismic imaging. However, in some complex areas with special lithology, such as igneous rock, gypsum salt rock, conglomerate rock and so on, sharp changes in the composition of the special lithology cause sharp changes in seismic velocity, then complex seismic wave field, and consequently extremely difficult to get accurate modeling and imaging of the special lithology. A conventional layer-controlling velocity modeling method can't accurately deal with the violent late-ral and internal velocity changes of the special geological body, so the underlying structure of the special geological body is unable to accurately i-mage. Taking the special igneous rock in the L exploration area as a case, we use interpreted horizons to control the structure shape and extract VSP velocity to the special lithology and forward simulation to obtain an initial velocity model with reasonable spatial velocity distribution;then optimize the initial velocity model through three-dimensional grid tomography to improve the internal velocity accuracy. The velocity modeling method can not only restore the underlying structure of igneous rock in the middle and deep layers of the L exploration area and eliminate the underlying false faults, but also provide the more accurate image of the ultra-deep fracture-cave carbonate reservoir. The method is a reference to velocity-depth mode-ling and imaging of similar special geological bodies.
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