Abstract:The complex surface conditions such as widely distributed interferent sources and obstacles resul-ted in difficulty of seismic acquisition operation, showing up the gap depth on the sections formed by the missing shots or traces resulted from fix interferent sources and obstacles, and the influence on useful folds of targets and quality of seismic data. The paper discussed the quantitative analytic approaches of influence of complex surface conditions on seismic data,including analyzing the attenuation of interference, adding noises to seismic data and S/N ratio value,and analyzed the influence of missing shots or traces from the obstacles on seismic data. The paper considered: (1)accurate definition of the influence of missing shots or traces resulted from outside fix interferent sources and obstacles on seismic data is basis of scientific geometry-variable design;(2)in practical work,according to the distribution of obstacles, it should combine the vertical with horizontal restoration geometry-variable approaches for flexible application by following the principle that makes our effort to reduce restoration distance and gap of section, and makes the restored distribution of shots as uniform as possible; (3)using geometry-variable approach of ' compensating receiver points with shot points' according to reciprocity principle of shot and receiver ray paths when the receiver points are unable to be planted or severely interfered and shot points can be deployed selectively. The practical application showed the approaches presented in the paper effectively reduced the difficulty of seismic acquisition,ensuring the data quality.