First-arrival picking-up method of take-off point of explosive source record based on waveform fitting
ZHANG Yiming1,2, CHEN Lu2, YUAN Liao2, LIU Yiwei2, XIAO Guangwei2, JI Guosen2
1. College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2. Korla Branch, Geophysical Research Institute, BGP Inc., CNPC, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China
Abstract：First-arrival picking-up is a key step in seismic data processing. Its accuracy is related to the accuracy of the shallow surface velocity model and also influences the effects of stack imaging and migration imaging. According to the formation mechanism of the first arrival generated by explosive source excitation,its location should be represented by deflection at a take-off point in the seismic record. However,the take-off point is difficult to identify in the process of first-arrival picking-up during real seismic data processing. The position that can be picked up quickly and accurately is usually the peak. In this paper,the influence of picking up different positions (peak and take-off point) as the first arrival on velocity model inversion is tested by a theoretical model. It is proven that the accuracy of inversion based on the take-off point position of the explosive source is higher than that based on the peak position. Thus,this paper proposes a method based on waveform fitting to judge the take-off point. It is assumed that the first arrival can be simulated by the Lee wavelet. The theoretical wavelet function is achieved by fitting the values of sample points in the peak-centered time window in a single trace. This approach is used to fast and accurately search for the take-off point position. The validity and rationality of the waveform fitting method are tested by a theoretical wavelet model,and the method is applied to real data of the T exploration area in Tarim. The results show that the method can accurately pick up the take-off point position of the explosive source in an area with a high signal-to-noise ratio. It has certain noise resistance so that it can pick up the take-off point position of the explosive source in an area with a low signal-to-noise ratio.
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