1. Engineering Research Center for Seismic Disaster Prevention and Engineering Geological Disaster Detection of Jiangxi Province, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China; 2. School of Geophysics and Measurement-Control Technology, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China; 3. College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China; 4. Institute of Exploration and Development, SINOPEC Shanghai Offshore Oil & Gas Company, Shanghai 200120, China
Abstract：Time-varying property of the frequency components, i.e., the time-frequency characteristic, in seismic signals plays a significant role in hydrocarbon detection. The simplest time-frequency analysis technique,Gabor transform,has been widely used in seismic data interpretation. However,the time resolution of time-frequency spectra obtained via traditio-nal Gabor transform is poor because the spectra of adjacent reflection wavelets are seriously aliased with each other. This defect is unfavorable for high-resolution seismic data interpretation. To improve the time resolution of Gabor time-frequency spectra,we first express the calculation of a Gabor time-frequency spectrum as inversion problem solving according to the definition of inverse Gabor transform. Then,a group-sparse regularization constraint is introduced with the strategy of grouping the spectra of the same moment. Finally,the objective function is solved using the projected fast iterative soft-thresholding algorithm,and the Gabor time-frequency spectrum can be obtained. In addition,an adaptive method for constructing Gaussian window functions required by Gabor time-frequency analysis is developed with the instantaneous centroid frequency of the seismic signal. Theoretical signal tests and field data applications show that the proposed method can significantly compress the energy groups of Gabor time-frequency spectra in the time direction,simultaneously improve the time resolution of both low- and high-frequency components. Therefore,the top and bottom interfaces of thin reservoirs can be clearly revealed on both low- and high-frequency sections,which facilitates fine comparison and interpretation.
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