Progress and outlook of near-surface quality factor Q measurement and inversion
ZHAO Qiufang1,2, YUN Meihou1,2, ZHU Libo3, LI Xiaobin1,2, LI Weina1
1. Institute of Resources Environment, Henan Po-lytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; 2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Econo-mic Region, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; 3. Daqing Branch, BGP Inc., CNPC, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163357, China
Abstract：The accurate determination of near-surface quality factor Q is an important basis for constructing near-surface attenuation Q models and implementing inverse Q filtering to improve the seismic resolution.Based on our analysis,the existing near-surface Q-value estimation methods may be divided into two categories:Q-value estimation with rock sample testing and Q-value estimation with stratum in-situ survey data.For the first category there are three approaches:stress-strain,standing wave,and travel wave according to different test principles.For the latter category,there are four methods:uphole survey,shallow first breaks from common-shot-point (CSP),and surface wave method according to different field survey techniques.In this paper we analyze the principles,application conditions,detection ranges,advantages and disadvantages of the methods.The Q value estimation based on rock sample testing has a high accuracy.However,due to the limitations of the sample and the incongruity between the measurement frequency and the seismic frequency,estimated values have lots of limitations in the seismic exploration.Both the uphole survey and the shallow refraction methods can obtain more accurate Q estimations with high vertical resolution,but they can hardly show horizontal Q value changes.The shallow refraction is limited by surface survey conditions.The first breaks method can obtain the average Q value of low velocity layers,and can better describes lateral variations of Q values,but its vertical resolution is insufficient.The first break refraction cannot show attenuation characteristics of near-surface high-velocity layers.The vibroseis seismic first breaks method is not subject to this restriction,it can obtain the same precision vertical resolution as the shallow refraction,and better Q value lateral variations.The surface wave method is mainly based on Rayleigh-wave,including the Rayleigh-wave from CSP records.The detection depth is relatively shallow,which usually reveals weathering layer Q values.Besides,the accuracy of Q estimation of this method is limited by the precision of velocity dispersion curves.So,the development tendency of near-surface Q inversion will be multi-information joint application such as surface and borehole seismic integration in the future.
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