A data-driven controlled beam migration based on the semblance threshold filtering
ZHANG Rui1, HUANG Jianping1, LI Zhenchun1, HU Ziduo2, LIU Wei2, WEI Wei3
1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China; 2. Northwest Branch, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, CNPC, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China; 3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract:The Gaussian beam migration (GBM) has been recognized as a robust and versatile depth imaging tool with accuracy comparable to the wave-equation migration and with flexibility and efficiency comparable to Kirchhoff migration.However,migration artifacts may occur when strong ambient and random noise is usually mixed in seismic data and difficult to be distinguished in GBM,which will seriously affect the imaging.Aiming at the problem,we propose a data-driven controlled beam migration (CBM) method based on the semblance analysis in this paper.Based on the semblance difference between signal and disturbance in the τ-p domain,we first derive a formula of the semblance in the τ-p domain according to the expression in signal analysis,and then we develop a filtering method using the semblance threshold.Meantime,we adopt a data-driven strategy to eliminate the disturbance during the Gaussian beam imaging procedure,thereby reducing migration noise.Moreover,CBM can directly extract high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) angle domain common image gathers (ADCIGs) without complex angle mapping transformations.Model and field data tests suggest that the proposed method can improve the migration SNR of poor SNR data to a certain extent with efficiency comparable to GBM,but CBM may lose the reliability of some amplitude.Furthermore,selecting an appropriate semblance threshold is very critical.If the threshold is too small,the noise may become strong.However,the excessive threshold may also suppress part of the effective information or generate artifacts.
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