Abstract：With offshore oil and gas exploration and development, the application of dual-sensor ocean bottom receivers is becoming increasingly extensive. As the key technology of dual-sensor data processing, the up-going and down-going wavefield separation determines the data processing quality and application effect. In the development of the up-going and down-going wavefield separation techniques for the dual-sensor data, many feasible schemes have been proposed by scholars in China and other countries. In this paper, the methods and techniques of separating up-going and down-going wavefields are summarized by the systematic investigation of relevant literature. Firstly, in light of the wave equation theory, the dual-sensor data is linked with the up-going and down-going wavefields, which lays the theoretical foundation for the dual-sensor data calibration and the up-going and down-going wavefield separation. Specifically, the wavefield data received by hydrophone and geophone are pressure wavefields and particle vertical velocity wavefields respectively. The pressure wavefields can be decomposed into the up-going and down-going pressure wavefields, and the particle vertical velocity wavefields can be decomposed into the up-going and down-going particle vertical velocity wavefields. The amplitude of down-going pressure wavefields is proportional to that of the down-going particle velocity wavefields, and they have the same polarity, while the amplitude of the up-going pressure wavefields is proportional to that of the up-going particle velocity wavefields, and they have opposite polarity. Then, the OBC dual-sensor data processing technology based on eliminating the sea-water reverberations is established for OBC/OBN hydrophone and geophone data. Finally, this paper summarizes seven kinds of the up-going and down-going wavefield separation methods for dual-sensor data, including constant calibration factor separation, frequency-wavenumber domain separation, mirror separa-tion, deghosting separation, optimal deghosting separation, geophone pulse response separation and τ-p domain separation. Before the up-going and down-going wavefield separation for the dual-sensor data, the geophone impulse response correction should be carried out first. Then, various preprocesses are performed for the dual-sensor data, such as matching and calibration processes, so that the up-going and down-going pressure wavefields in the hydrophone data converge with the up-going and down-going particle vertical velocity wavefields in the geophone data in terms of amplitudes and frequencies. In addition, because the polarity of the down-going pressure wavefields is the same with that of the down-going particle vertical velocity wavefields, and the polarity of the up-going pressure wavefields is opposite to that of the up-going particle vertical velocity wavefields, the band notches are compensated, and the ghosts at the receiver point are reasonably suppressed. Finally, the best up-going and down-going wavefield separation is achieved.
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