Abstract：The signature generated by an array of marine seismic source is an important input to many processing algorithms.Not much attention is given to direct wave arrivals in marine seismic data that are closely related to source signatures.In this paper, we process these direct arrivals to accurately estimate source signatures.By deducing the time-distance equation of direct wave arrivals, considering source-receiver pattern, and combining with bubble oscillation theory, the relation between direct wave and signature is obtained; and the solution of source far-field wavelet calculation with direct wave in the frequency domain is given.When the receiver position meets the far-field condition of source array, it is of great practical significance to estimate the source far-field wavelet with the direct wave of seismic data.The proposed method provides a new idea, which is avoiding the influence on seismic wavelet extraction from reflection information.The direct wave is separated beforehand from seismic data, and then the source far-field wavelet is extracted by the accurate formula.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified with synthetic and real data tests.Finally, an application example is given to illustrate that the proposed method is characterized by high efficiency and high precision in seismic data processing.
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